Water hardness is caused almost entirely by calcium and magnesium ions. Other di- and trivalent metals have a similar effect, but usually are not present in high enough concentration in potable waters to cause problems. Hardness increases soap consumption in laundries and causes scale in boilers.
- Easy to use, disposable, and inexpensive
- A great way to obtain quick, quantitative answers in the field or in the lab
- Hardness increases soap consumption in laundries and causes scale in boilers
- Easy to use, disposable, and inexpensive
- A great way to obtain quick, quantitative answers in the field or in the lab
- Hardness increases soap consumption in laundries and causes scale in boilers